Neur-Ghandi Story essays

Neur-Ghandi Story essays I found the Nehru Gandhi Story to be depthly intriguing. It is a journey of struggle and sacrifice along a beaten path of relentless adversity. As displayed by the video, the old traditional economic state of India plays a very important part in the rich history of its land and people. This film shoes clearly Indias fight for independence from Great Britain in 1947 is just a beginning to its dynamic story. Further more Gandhi existence is a salvation for the people of India's lower class. He Was able to unite the masses with his spiritual leadership as well as give them a voice through his political mentorship relationship with Jawaharlal Nehru, Indias Prime minister. Together they were able to unite the people of India and free it from Great Britains rule. Although Jawaharlal Nehru and Gandhi became great respecters of one and other, they initially came from very separated backgrounds. As the video illustrates, Jawaharlal Nehru comes from a wealthy upper class family. His father Mohole Nehru sent him to Engeland at a young age to be educated. Like his father Jahabalo excelled through his scholastic studies to emerge back in India as a lawyer. With a solid western education Jawaharlal had visions of the industrialization of India. In contrast, Gandhi was a leader amongst the populous lower class of India. Gandhi opposed modern industrialization and felt that its emergence would only hurt the lower class by leaving them further behind. The movie exemplifies Gandhis beliefs through the description of his symbolized spinning wheel. Gandhi used the spinning wheel as an example of the self-sufficient groups of local villagers scattered amongst the social economic caste system of India. Gandhis economic beliefs in the old traditional economy dove tails with his involvement in the lower class. The caste system of an old traditional economy was tradition, and Gandhi ...

Communication models

Communication models Abstract Organizations have been in existence ever since humanity came into existence. Within these organizations, there has been a need for communications plans and proper organizations models so that there is a proper and smooth operation. Human beings do communicate differently and these in turn affects organizational operations, as they are the people who make up these organizations.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Communication models specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There have been several ways identified for human communications by experts in this field. Communication is a field that is so wide in relation to other sectors. Therefore, people have proposed the rise of the many models ever since the time of Aristotle to present times. As wide as it is, it includes the various disciplines such as journalism, anthropology, rhetoric, and psychology amongst many others. This paper will tend to look into one of these very many communications model and one organizational model analyzing them side by side to come up with various weaknesses and problems that might arise from the use of such a communications model. The main analysis style will be the AMA 8-step process. Introduction Communication amongst human beings is particularly valuable, and understanding of the same is supposed to be in the priorities of organizations that intend to remain relevant in the market. Human communication is concerned with the conveyance of information from one source to the other, and this rule underscores the reason why the field has various models that look at it from different perspectives (Littlejohn, Foss, 2008, p. 69). The entire process, however, aims at initiating and inculcating development amongst the people involved. As there are unusually many organizations in existence, so there are so many organizational models in existence, all of which serve different organizations’ various roles and o bjectives. Since human beings form an organization, there is a need to build a strong base of faithful organization members, a fact that is elusive without proper communication (Miller, Vandome, McBrewster, 2009, p. 88). Hence, the need for any organization that needs to thrive, to identify with one model of communication that acts, as a guide to all the organization’s communications needs is paramount.Advertising Looking for term paper on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Some communication models will look at communication from the perspective of information a receiver needs to communicate, whereas other will give importance to the fact that the sender initiates the process and thus, the person needing the communication the most. Some scholars in defining the term human communications have used this view. A famous definition of communication existed that many people have taken to use , because of its ease and the extent to which it summarizes the occurrences in a communication process. This supposition underscores the definition of communication simply as being â€Å"who says what, where, when, to who, through what channel or medium, and with what purpose or intention† (Lasswell, Lerner, Pool, 1952, p. 12). Therefore, communication models vary depending on the situation and place where the need to communicate do arise. However, all these models will narrow down to a simple model of communication that has the sender conveying information to the receiver as is seen in the figure below of a Simple communication’s model (Foulger, 2004, p.45). Figure 1.0 There have been remarkably many communication models in use, some of which were developed in the 20th century and others that are continually being developed on a day-by-day basis the source being the different organizational performance. This has seen the move and transformation of the way organizati ons communicate, from the ancient egalitarianism to the current Darwinism that focuses on the fact that people do not have equal access and rights to economic, political, and social aspects of the world. Communications scientists who have their roots in the propagandas studied amongst the mass media in the 20th centuries identify themselves mostly with the transmission model of communication (Miller, 2005, p. 87). Organizations also need to develop a model that will govern its operations under all circumstances, because this model is also, what will guide the leadership and operational activities of any organization. This paper will look at the Shannon Communication model and the Matrix organizational structure to evaluate the problems that might arise in the company or organization that adopts the same.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Communication models specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Shannon Communicationà ¢â‚¬â„¢s model Shannon communication model is a model of communication, developed back in 1948. People have largely regarded it as the basis for all the other modern communication models. It denotes a model that has thrived so much to eliminate so many unimportant components of the communication’s process leaving only what it considers key to the communications process (Shannon, 1948, p.382). This model has been considered successful by the fact that it does not only point out why communication happens, but also goes ahead to point at some of the things that lead to communication failures. One can summarize the entire model as seen below. Figure 1.1: Shannon communications model (Shannon, 1948) To establish the problems associated with Shannon’s communication model, this paper will look at a typical organization that uses the organizational model below. This model of the organization is where all information distributed within the organization aims at releasing the tr uth. In all levels, there are controls and checks to ensure the clearing, of all information released, of suspicion and emerge to be the best and be in the best interest of the organization. Figure 1.2: Organizational model (Severin Tankard, 2009, p.96).Advertising Looking for term paper on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Problems The analysis of the problems associated with this form of communication model and organization model will follow the AMA 8-step process. Step 1: The discovery step- in this step, there are the salient facts that are associated with Shannon Communication’s model, as identified these above. However, it is necessary to note that, organizations are moving from the era where everybody will stand out as equal to an era talked about by Darwin: people receiving resources and economic exposures according to their individual ability. This then leads us to step two. Step 2: Many see Shannon’s model not just as a communication’s model, but also as the process of conveyance of information from the source to the receiver. A problem would arise, mainly because the model puts emphasis on the need of the sender to push message to the receiver. This can lead to some unforeseen problems. Practically, users of information have been found to be active not passive; hence, t hey choose the information they need as is the case elaborated by the uses and gratification theory of communication. Therefore, this model sees that information transmission from the sender to the receiver is the key role of the communications medium or channel. This model again sees communication as being direct and that it always occurs in one direction, a situation that is not the case in real life. Step 3: Analysis-The first problem that might arise is miscommunication if the organization relies fully on Shannon’s communications model. This is because whereas the model suggests that the sender should compel the receiver of the information to receive information, the receivers are always active people. By forcing the reception of the message, the sender may rest thinking that the message was decoded as he thought whereas, in the real sense, coercion might have led to lack of communication. Therefore, this scenario can lead to miscommunication and largely, communicationâ⠂¬â„¢s breakdown (Bell Smith, 1999, p. 124). The next possible problem would be wrong communications feedback. The intention of communication is always to obtain feedback: positive or negative. However, the assumption of this model that communication is direct and always occurs one way would mean that the sender would not pay attention to the issues raised by the receiver of a message since their role is to receive only. Therefore, in essence the communication process will qualify as ineffective. Another possible problem that would arise from the use of this model in an organization is that the model will act as a barrier to communication. It is fixed. In addition, it does not allow room for healthy communication. This would make an organization fail to execute its planned objectives and goals. Step 4: Possible Solutions-The problems that do arise out of the use of Shannon’s communication model can be solved by the realization that communications is not a one thing but a two -way issue. Therefore, while applying the Shannon’s communication model, the user (communicators) should be aware of the fact that both the dispatcher and the beneficiary lie within the brackets of the process and are active rather than passive participants. Therefore, they should receive the due importance they deserve. In addition, the users should be aware that there is communication without feedback; hence, it is not unidirectional, and users should pay attention to both facts. Step 5: Solution evaluation-The solution that can be lasting to the problems is the use of an amalgamation of two or three communications models. This is because whereas one may have a loophole, the other one acts as a check and balance and a solution to the other model’s problems. Step 6: Decision-making-The best solution to this problem is to use it hand in hand with the contemporary communication’s model that gives importance to communication as being complete only with the attainm ent of feedback. This step, when used with the Shannon’s model, will ensure perfect communications since all aspects of a communication’s process will receive maximum care. Step 7: Execution To ensure this solution works, the people within an organization should go through all the components of a communication process. Moreover, they should be aware of the importance of each aspect. These should be the sender, message, receiver, barriers (noise), channel (medium) and the feedback. In the implementation stage, one has to follow all guidelines to ensure that the process gives the desired results. The participants should be well informed for precision purposes. Step 8: Measurement-The suggested organizational model proposes a situation where all employees take part in the communication of truthful messages. The success of the use of the suggested solution will come out through monitoring performance and gauging the level of cooperation between the organization’s e mployees. This step is decidedly crucial because measuring and monitoring of performance underlines the true progress of any activity. Conclusion The use of any communication model is in itself not a solution to the organizational communication needs. Proper understanding and implementation facilitate the success of any communication model that a company decides to use. Moreover, the organizational model also plays a critical role in deciding the success of the model. In other words, organizations should choose communication models that fit into the organizational model. This understanding, therefore, calls for organizations to use models interchangeably to ensure they succeed. Applying different models allow management to decide on the communication model that fits a given organization best and through adopting the best model; the organization will achieve its objectives. References Bell, A., Smith, D. (1999). Management Communication. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons, Inc. Foulger, D . (2004). Models of the Communication Process. Retrieved from http://davis.foulger.info/research/unifiedModelOfCommunication.htm Lasswell, H., Lerner, D., Pool, I. (1952). The comparative study of symbols: an  Introduction. California: Stanford University Press. Littlejohn, S., Foss, K. (2008). Theories of human communication. Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth. Miller, F., Vandome, A., McBrewster, J. (2009). Communication Theory. Mauritius: VDM Publishing House Ltd. Miller, K. (2005). Communication Theories: Perspectives, Processes, and  Contexts. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Severin, W., Tankard, J. (2009). Communication theories: origins, methods, and uses in the Mass media. Boston: Addison Wesley Longman. Shannon, A. (1948). Mathematical Theory of Communication. Bell System  Technical Journal, 27(6), 379-656.

How to Make a Cloud in a Bottle

How to Make a Cloud in a Bottle In the real world, clouds form when warm, moist air is cooled and condenses into tiny water droplets, which collectively make up clouds. You can mimic this process (on a much smaller scale, of course!) by using everyday items found in your home or school. What Youll Need: A clear bottle, mason jar, or another see-through container with a lidA dark-colored piece of paperHot waterIceMatches Warning:  Due to the use of hot water, glass, and matches, young children are cautioned not to do this experiment without adult supervision. Getting Started First, rinse your glass to make sure it is clean. (Do not use soap and do not dry the inside.)Add hot water to the jar until it covers the bottom by 1 deep. Then swirl the water around so that it warms up the sides of the jar. (If you dont do this, condensation may immediately occur.) Youve just added one of the key ingredients for cloud formation: water.Take the lid, turn it upside-down (so that it acts as a small dish), and place several ice cubes in it. Place the lid on top of the jar. (After doing this, you may see some condensation, but notice theres no cloud yet.) The ice adds another ingredient needed for clouds to form: the cooling of warm, moist air. Carefully light a match and blow it out. Drop the smoking match into the jar and quickly replace the lid of ice. The smoke adds the final ingredient for cloud formation: condensation nuclei for the cooled water droplets to condense onto.Now look for wisps of cloud swirling inside! To see them better, hold up your dark colored pa per behind the jar. Congratulations, youve just made a cloud! After youve and named it, lift the lid and let it flow out so that you can touch it! Tips and Alternatives For younger children: If you prefer not to use matches, you can substitute air freshener spray in step # 4. Lift the lid of ice, spritz a small amount into the jar, then quickly replace the lid.Advanced: Use a bicycle pump to change the pressure and see even more clouds.  Going further: Try using other sizes of dust particles. Design an experiment to determine the best size of dust particles to use. You could also test different water temperatures. Now that youve learned some basic principles of how clouds form, its time to up your knowledge. Study these cloud photos to learn the ten basic types of clouds and what weather they forecast. Or explore what the many storm clouds look like and mean.         Updated by Tiffany Means

German History Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

German History - Coursework Example terature include medieval German literature, baroque, enlightenment, Sturm und Drang, classicism, romanticism, classicism, naturalism, expressionism and Dadaism (Sebstian, n.p). The medieval period was characterized by numerous authors. During the Carolingian periodis when German literature began, first in Latin and then in Old High German. Authors and written works of the high recognized styles included Herzog Ernst, Heinrich von Freiberg, Ulrich von Tà ¼rheim, Rudolf von Ems, Konrad von Wà ¼rzburg, Heinrich Frauenlob and Reinmar der Alte. The Baroque period was one of the richest periods in terms of German literature .Numerous writers wrote of the terrifying experiences of the Thirty Years War. The most famous novel of the Baroque period was Grimmelshausens adventures of the young and naà ¯ve Simplicissimus while Andreas Gryphius and Daniel Caspar von Lohenstein wrote German-language tragedies (Sebstian, n.p). The German enlightenment was marked by a number of literary events. The main authors at the time were Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Immanuel Kant. In 1774 Goethe published â€Å"The Sorrows of Young Werther† and advanced to publish the first piece of Faust in 1808 and second piece in 1832. Kant on the other hand published Critique of Pure Reason in 1781 and Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals in 1785 (Sebstian, n.p). Sturm und Drang was a Germany literary society that came to be during 18th century. The period is most universally known to have lasted from 1767 - 1785. Nathan the Wise was written by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing. Lessing through this play had an opportunity of showing his great critical power. He wrote this religious parable with religious tolerance. The setting is in Jerusalem during the Third Crusade at this time all of Muslim Palestine were opposed by Christian forces from Europe. Saladin, the Muslim, decides to test Nathan ‘the Wise’ by asking which of the three religions â€Å"Christianity, Judaism, or Islam† represent the right

How the films depict the discomfort of individuals within societies Essay

How the films depict the discomfort of individuals within societies that often seem oppressive.As well as the films' political social and economic messages - Essay Example This definitely gives light and a deeper discussion of the matters present in film. Two films that I shall discuss in this paper are the â€Å"Spirit of the Beehive† and the â€Å"Bicycle Thieves.† Both films are considered to be rich in socio – political and economic messages. At the same time, there will be a synthetic analysis of both the films in terms of the content. To further amplify the discussion in this paper, certain film elements like the camera angle, music and movement shall be assessed in connection with the aforementioned messages. In the film â€Å"Spirit of the Beehive†, the political context seems to be in a problematic condition. The camera has shown how a child tries to struggle between the social conditions that beset her and other people. At a very young age, it can be seen, through the lens of the camera, that the child is having a questioning of her own status. With a melancholic music, her curiosity is amplified about why such an old person is allowed to suffer in a lonely and deserted place. As the characters interact, the sharing of experience about how life is difficult already signals how things are in a despicable condition. Most of the time, there are several cuts and editing that happened to employ the political message but there is continuity present (Butler 2005, p. 24). In terms of economics, it is seen clearly, that the barren houses, deserted landscape and candle lights are already manifestations of uneven economic development. Also, the richness of honey coming from the bees, are signs of richness and hard work by the old man in the film. The camera, focused on the man, upon doing the chores on the bees and the capturing the acts of the bees, strengthen further the need to work harder and taking care of resources that can help one’s condition in a society. This is considered a long shot,

Boyers Principle of Community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Boyers Principle of Community - Essay Example From the knowledge gained at Indiana University more than 40 residence hall rooms certified as ‘green’ through new program. The program develop by the IU office of Sustainability in cooperation with Residential Programs and Services and Residence Halls Inc. and the objective is to connect the students to a maintainable and good community and different campus organizations as well as the participation of faculty on related projects. Additionally, the program at IU provides the students a structure framework to help in educating their school mates and connect with one another (IU News Room, n.p.). A college is an open community, where freedom of speech or expression is protected and civility powerfully affirmed. As part of the university’s Code of Academic Ethics, every individual has the right to criticize and seek remedy by good means, policies, and rules and regulations of the university. The improper acts are those acts that affect the academic freedom, freedom of speech and expression because the students should speak and listen to one another and the freedom of movement. Thus, Indiana University exercised the second principle of Boyer’s Principle of Community (Enrolment and Student Academic Information Bulletin, p. 3). The next principle is a just community; a place where the sacredness of the person is honored and where diversity is aggressively pursued. The Indiana University celebrates the legacy of Martin Luther King Jr. and also helps in the activities in the community. All IU’s events are free and open to the public; in respect, the King’s day is consider holiday and no classes in the university rather the students spend time from different community services such as providing eye exams, and eye glasses with the participation of the IU School of Optometry and many others (IU News Room, n.p.). The fourth Boyer’s Principle of Community is a disciplined community in which the university is a place where ind ividuals accept their responsibilities and obligations to the group and well-defined governance procedures guide behavior for the common good. According to the Enrolment and Student Academic Information Bulletin of Indiana University there is Code of Academic Ethics that each and everyone in the community should obey. The ethics include the rights and responsibilities of the students as well as the faculty and other members of the university. The IU put into effect the Code of Ethics to become a disciplined community and exercise all the rules and regulations stated in the Code of Academic Ethics (Enrolment and Student Academic Information Bulletin, p. 1-5). In addition, the other principle from Ernest Boyer is the principle of caring community; a place where the well-being of each member is sensitively supported and services to others is encouraged. For instance, extended hours for the student commuters, organizations and campus jobs are promoted and supported by the IU (Peska, n.p .). Student employment is encouraged like part time jobs on the campus can help develop and improve the student’s resume in the future. There are number of jobs offered in the university and in Bloomington that will

Identify the components and interfaces commonly present in J2EE Essay

Identify the components and interfaces commonly present in J2EE projects as they progress through the development and design of the distributed architecture - Essay Example In a distributed computing environment, J2EE uses a multi-tiered application model. There are the (1) the web-tier components that run on the J2EE server; (2) the business-tier components run on the J2EE server; the (3) client-tier components that run on the client machine and (4) the Enterprise information system or EIS-tier software which runs on the EIS server. A J2EE component may be defined as a self-contained functional software unit that is assembled into a J2EE application along with its related classes and files and which is able to communicate with other components using programming logic (java.sun.com). In a J2EE distributed enterprise application model therefore, the application logic is usually divided into components according to their function, and the various application components that make up a J2EE application are installed on different machines depending on the tier in the multi-tiered J2EE environment to which the application component belongs. I believe that the RUP or Rational Unified Process is the best approach for J2EE applications. This consists of the following phases: Requirements Analysis, Object Oriented Analysis, Architecture Specification, Object Design, Implementation, Validation, Assembly and Deployment, and Operation and Maintenance (Kurniawan, 2002). All in all, we see can that the main usage of the J2EE environment is to develop and deploy enterprise applications. The modern J2EE platform consists of a set of services, application programming interfaces and protocols that provide the functionality for developing multi-tiered, web-based applications in a distributed computing