European Imperialism in Africa Essay - 1405 Words

Europe, in the late 1800’s, was starting for a land grab in the African continent. Around 1878, most of Africa was unexplored, but by 1914, most of Africa, with the lucky exception of Liberia and Ethiopia, was carved up between European powers. There were countless motivations that spurred the European powers to carve Africa, like economical, political, and socio–cultural, and there were countless attitudes towards this expansion into Africa, some of approval and some of condemnation. Europe in this period was a world of competing countries. Britain had a global empire to lead, France had competition with Britain for wealth and so did other nations like Germany and Russia. Expansion was a goal that all nations wanted to achieve. Prince†¦show more content†¦The resolution of the German Social Democratic Party Congress also furthers the anti imperialist sentiment that existed during this time, by explaining that â€Å"Capitalist exploitation†¦ corresponds first and foremost to the greedy desire of the bourgeoisie for new opportunities to invest in its ever–increasing capital which is no longer content with exploiting the home market, and to the desire for new markets which each country tries to usurp for itself.† Being a socialist organization, this account would be biased against capitalism and thus imperialism. The quote also explains why resources were another factor in the economic expansion into Africa; the empires needed raw materia ls and resources to keep their empires going and what they didn’t find in Europe, they’d find in Africa. These economic reasons further lead the European powers to carve out pieces of Africa for themselves in search of resources this would lead to new businesses being set up in Africa, leading to a thriving economy and quick advancement of the great powers of Europe. The economic reasons were also accompanied be political reasons. Imperialism was also accompanied by jingoism. Prince Leopold urged in his conversation â€Å"to see where there are unoccupied lands†¦ where†¦ [there is] the opportunity to prove to the world that Belgians also are an imperial people capable ofShow MoreRelatedEuropean Imperialism in Africa Essays1457 Words   |  6 PagesImperialism By the late 19th and early 20th century, Europe was expanding its borders. In an attempt to grow its economy and culture, Europe’s superpowers began to search for new soil. Africa was an easy target; it wasn’t politically secure and it wasn’t modernized. In addition, it had reliable soil which would enable Europe to produce cash crops. European nations began to pour into Africa, called the Scramble for Africa. Soon, Europe took control of Africa, taking raw materials and destroyed AfricanRead MoreEuropean Imperialism in Africa Essays1518 Words   |  7 Pagescontrol of regions in Africa and set up colonies there. In the beginning, colonization caused the Africans little harm, but before long, the Europeans started to take complete control of wherever they went. The Europeans used their advanced knowledge and technology to easily maneuver through the vast African landscape and used advanced weapons to take control of the African people and their land. The countri es that claimed the most land and had the most significant effect on Africa were France, EnglandRead MoreEssay on Africa vs European Imperialism841 Words   |  4 PagesDBQ: Imperialism In AfricaAzra Azvar Period 3 2/21/10 Whites vs Blacks In the late 19th and early 20th centuries European imperialism caused its countries to divide up the rest of the world, each country claiming bits as its own. Due to its large amounts of resources, Africa was one of the main areas European nations invaded in the cause if imperialism. In Africa, there were positive and negative effects towards the Africans and the invaders. Some positive effects on Africans were thatRead MoreEuropean Imperialism And The Colonization Of Africa984 Words   |  4 PagesAmongst the 1870s and 1900, Africa confronted European imperialist hostility, political pressures, military assaults, and ultimately the conquest and colonization. At the same time, African civilizations put up numerous methods of resistance against the effort to inhabit their countries and enforce foreign control. By the early twentieth century, however, much of Africa, except Ethiopia and Liberia, had been inhabited by European powers. The European imperialist drive into Africa was en couraged by threeRead MoreEuropean Imperialism in Late 19th Century Africa1624 Words   |  7 Pages European Imperialism in Late 19th Century Africa: African Response and Effects Rafael Delatorre History 002B Professor Standish April 12, 2014 Between 1870 and 1914, European countries ceased about ninety percent of Africa. Native Africans faced political, military, and imperialism pressure from various European countries. After the end of the profitable slave trade in Africa, due to abolishing of slavery, Europeans explored forRead MoreThe Impact of 19th Century European Imperialism in Africa1024 Words   |  5 PagesEuropean Imperialism heavily impacted the African continent through culturally, economic, and political ideas. This era of history is heavily drenched in the aspect of ethnocentrism, which is the belief that one’s own culture is superior that of another. The Europeans colonized Africa believing that they could bring civilization, but they were often ignorant of Africa’s very complex societies. The European powers divided up the continent of Africa among themselves, without any consent from the peopleRead MoreThe Effects of European Imperialism on South Africa Essay1847 Words   |  8 PagesThe county of South Africa is an economically flourishing country and probably the most advanced country on the continent of Africa. However the entire continent of Africa is probably the most undeveloped part of the world. Why is South Africa so different from the rest of its continent? Karen Politis Virk explains that it is because of South Africa’s developed economy and diverse population (Virk 40). South Africa has three main ethnic groups: African, Afrikaners, and the mixed race. The AfrikanersRead MoreWinds of Change: European Imperialism in Africa Essay1091 Words   |  5 Pagesby aliens, they were invaded by foreigners. They were invaded by Christian missionaries from England. The natives did not believe the stories of their neighboring village being destroyed and suffered the consequences. When British imperialism found its way into Africa it had quite profound effects on the indigenous populations such as deterioration of ancient tribal practices, hostile situations, and death and suffering on both sides. In the village of Umuofia, located near the lower Niger RiverRead More Migration and Disease in Africa during European Imperialism Essay735 Words   |  3 PagesThe Relationship between Migration and Disease in Africa during European Imperialism During the era of European Imperialism, from approximately 1880 to 1930, an increasing number of Europeans began to colonize West Africa. Because of this colonization many African natives migrated eastward, inadvertently transporting diseases to which the East Africans were not immune (Ransford 76). This phenomenon can be explained through examining the implications of geographical isolation, theRead MoreWhat Was the Driving Force Behind European Imperialism in Africa628 Words   |  3 PagesAndres Lugo Professor William Hendricks March 17, 2015 World Civilizations II Domination of resources The European powers that were in much need for resources during the 1500s through 1800s were Great Britain, France and Germany. During 1500 and 1800 Africa seemed like an impossible feat to conquer because of malaria but this wouldn’t stop the persistence of the leaders of France and Great Britain. The idea of exploring and conquering new land meant more to these leaders because of the motivation

Gambling Essay - 824 Words

Gambling Gambling is defined as risking money or something of value on the outcome of an event involving chance when probability of winning or losing is less than certain.[i] Over the past ten years, Ontario has undergone a dramatic change in gambling attitudes. Since the legalization of gambling in Ontario in 1994, there has been an explosion of gambling opportunities for the public. From commercial casinos to lottery tickets to off-track betting, it is easier to gamble today than ever before. While the government promotes the gambling industry to supplement tax revenues, it has not allocated†¦show more content†¦Research suggests that for every problem gambler there are 10 to 17 people around him that will be negatively affected.[iv] Excessive spending on gambling can have serious consequences for the gamblers family. For the most part, bills and necessary expenses are not paid and the burden will fall onto the spouse or children.[v] There can also be a negative impact on the gamblers work environment. If the gambler is not focused or absent from work, he may be fired which could add to his financial difficulty that started with his gambling habit. Crime is sometimes used to support gambling habits after bank accounts are exhausted. Gambling is also associated with health problems. Approximately one in every four moderate to severe gamblers is seeing a doctor for stress related problems and approximately one in three gamblers have habitual feelings of depression.[vi] Many gamblers are also dealing with existing illnesses such as cancer, HIV, Parkinsons disease and chronic pain. They are often using gambling as an outlet for their pain and suffering. Another problem that gamblers develop is poor sleep and nutrition habits. They are often too busy to deal with their personal needs and allow their health to waste away. The compulsive gambler is costing anShow MoreRelatedGambling : Illegal Gambling And Commercial Gambling860 Words   |  4 PagesGambling In 2006, the Pew Research Center did many studies on the average American and their gambling habits. Of these studies, â€Å"67% of the people surveyed had gambled in the past year† (â€Å"Supply and Demand†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). â€Å"Gambling is the act of risking something of value on the outcome of an event in hopes of gain†(Schwartz). Gambling has become extremely popular and so complex throughout the thousands of years it has been evolving. There are two different types of gambling, social gambling and commercialRead MoreGambling No Matter The Stake Gambling Essay1555 Words   |  7 Pagesa loser, this being very prevalent in gambling no matter the stake. Gambling regulations exist all over the country as there is a basis of set laws that are put forth by the government, such as the ability to not buy a lottery ticket until the age of 18 and not being able to fully access a casino until the age of 21. On the topic of individual state, states have the power to contro l who gambles and how by setting forth regulations on the topic of gambling, such as recent applications that involveRead MoreGambling and Sports1027 Words   |  5 PagesShould Sports Gambling Be Legalized? Gambling is a common practice throughout human history, one that appeals to the individual’s desire for gain and offers the thrill of risk or uncertainty. Sports gambling is the â€Å"wagering of money or other items of value on the outcome of a sporting event, dependent either wholly or in part on chance† (Thompson, 2008, p. 1). Sports gambling generates billions of dollars annually, with large events like the Super Bowl or World Series alone able toRead More Gambling Essay1614 Words   |  7 Pages Gambling, while it lowers taxes and creates jobs, it also causes addicts to lose money and therefore creates a higher crime rate.A Quick History of Gambling.Gambling was a popular pastime in North America long before there was ever a United States. Playing cards and dice were brought over by both the British and the Dutch. By the end of the 17th century, just about every countryseat in colonial America had a lottery wheel. Cockfighting flourished thoughout the cou ntries, especially in the SouthRead More gambling Essay858 Words   |  4 Pagesincredible growth in the gambling industry. Twenty years ago if a person wanted to gamble they had to go to Nevada. Nowadays, there are only six states in which no form of legalized gambling exists. Proponents of the gambling industry feel that this growth is a good thing a nd that it is helping the national economy. However, there are many opponents that feel that gambling is hurting families and society. Indeed, there needs to be a limit to the growth of the gambling industry, although, thisRead MoreWhy Gambling Is The Modern Day Gambling2365 Words   |  10 PagesKingsley Forrester 02/27/15 C 100 Paper Riverboat Gambling The crisp slicing of cards, shimmering dresses, sharp suits, dealers shouting, clouds of smoke from cigarettes, and coins spitting out from glowing slot machines is the modern day gambling that we know today. Thinking of gambling in America has always brought attention to prospering cities like Las Vegas or Atlantic City. Gambling unfortunately has created a dark subculture that surrounds gaming such as: crime, prostitution, andRead MoreGambling Essay1011 Words   |  5 Pagesthe bar scene, individuals view gambling as a relaxing and entertaining past time. However, we recently encountered an article by Pathlights entitled â€Å"The Case Against Gambling†. Apparently what we thought was a fun night out, is causing otherwise good citizens to perish under the gambling system. Are we looking at gambling the wrong way? In Gambling There Are No Winners In the article by Pathlights it is made quite clear the major claim is that gambling is impoverishing America. We areRead MoreGambling Addiction : Illegal Gambling2199 Words   |  9 PagesGambling Addiction Walking into the flashing lights, the happy people and seeing people win; are all the start of a bad beginning. Gamblers have a different mindset them some and they need help most of the time. The worse thing for a person just starting out is to see people win because they believe they are going to do the same thing and even more. That is almost never how it turns out; it usually starts with betting small, but gamblers always raise their bets over time even if they are winningRead MoreLegalized Gambling2290 Words   |  10 PagesEconomic Impacts of Legalized Gambling Class # Title By Charles Conner Baltimore, Maryland December 6, 2005 Professor: Dr. Ira Sohn The Economic Impacts of Legalized Gambling Introduction The effect of gambling on the standard of living will be pronounced if the gambling activity is regressive, meaning that the rate of participation (as a percentage of income) declines as people earn higher incomes. In other words, if most gamblers are poor, then gambling is more likely to affectRead MoreEffects of Gambling1138 Words   |  5 PagesTHE EFFECTS OF GAMBLING Most people with gambling problems say they lost control over how much time and money they spend gambling. Meanwhile, they ignored other responsibilities. For them, gambling is an activity that are important to them. Those who gamble excessively often bring problems for the one they love. The effects of gambling can be classified into individuals, family and the society. Each of them had different aspect. With the problems that been brought by those

Drinking Water Qualty and Water Pollution Essay - 2091 Words

â€Å"Saving our planet, lifting people out of poverty, advancing economic growth... these are one and the same fight. We must connect the dots between drinking water quality, global health, and climate change. Solutions to one problem must be solutions for all.† -- Ron Fleischli -- Water Program Director -- When we think about life on earth, what is the main component that other planets do not have in order to sustain life? Although there are many differences between earth and the other planets in the solar system, it is the presence of water on the earth’s surface that makes life possible. It has come to knowledge that water is one part of the building blocks of existence on earth. Mankind has discovered that water has†¦show more content†¦With an already incredibly small percentage of water available to drink (about 1%), the issue of water quality came into focus. In the 1970’s, a â€Å"Green Revolution† raised concerns about the possible pollution of the drinking water supply. In 1972, the federal government adopted the Clean Water Act with its main goals being to â€Å"eliminate the discharge of pollutants, maintain the policy that protects the public from cancer-causing pollutants and other toxic poisons, maintain the concept that industry must u se the best available technology to control pollution, and to provide an adequate funding for publicly owned treatment plans† (EPA). These goals were established for the sole purpose of keeping a close eye on the quality of America’s water. This Act was the first major step towards controlling the nation’s pollution problems with reference to water. The EPA set up 4 standards to water quality. They are as follows: â€Å"Designated uses of the water body, such as recreation, water supply, etc, water quality criteria to protect designated uses, an anti-degradation policy to maintain and protect existing uses and high quality waters, and general policies addressing implementation issues such as variances† (EPA). These standards are in place throughout the country, and the better they are enforced, the likelihood that water ways will not suffer from pollution

Psychology Drugs And Consciousness - 982 Words

Psychology has been an interesting and has taught me many things that have helped me understand and change my life for the better. I knew much coming in because I had taken a psychology class in high school, but I was able to approach this semester with a more open mindset and actually learn something rather than just trying to memorize for a test. I spent more time thinking about real world applications and was able to apply some of the aspects taught in the class as well as some of the pieces I read from the book. The three areas of psychology that were most impactful to my life this year were drugs, depression and stress. To get started, I chose drugs because I’ve grown up with lots of family members that drink and smoke cigarettes along with friends that smoke marijuana. Not only that, but I have also partaken in drinking and even tried marijuana once. As I read through the textbook on the drugs and consciousness chapter I was shocked by some of the numbers and studies done on all three of the above drugs. For example, the book discusses how marijuana can an increase the risk of psychological disorders which for me was terrifying. I already struggle with enough issues so I don’t need any help from a drug to make it worse. Also, the negative aftereffects of alcohol and nicotine have affected my family and friends. I’ve seen people in my family struggle with severe depression from alcohol and heart disease is a problem on both sides of my family, partially related toShow MoreRelatedInvestigating Altered States of Consciousness Essay707 Words   |  3 PagesInvestigating Altered St ates of Consciousness â€Å"The question of what consciousness is, is one that has intrigued psychologists.† (Hayes, N Orrell, H, 2000, page 116.) ‘The term altered states of consciousness refers to significant change in what is considered a normal waking awareness’ (Crisp, T, 2003, Altered states of consciousness, http://www.homepages.tesco.net/~waves/asoc.htm) An altered state of consciousness takes many forms such sleep, dreams, hypnosisRead MoreReflection Paper On Psychology And Psychology999 Words   |  4 Pagesthe study of one’s own conscious thought and feelings based solely on one’s mental state. It’s basically a stream of consciousness, an internal monologue that contributes to one’s own decision making. The idea was credited to Wilhelm Wundt, and his student Edward B. Titchener. Wilhelm Wundt was a German psychologist and founder of modern psychology who established the first psychology lab. Edward B. Titchener was a student of Wilhelm Wundt, who introduced structuralism and the school of thought. IntrospectionsRead MoreThe Pioneer Work Of Dr. Sigmund Freud And Its Influences On The Development Of Psychology933 Words   |  4 Pages Sigmund Freud and its influences on the development of Psychology. It assumes that without the innovative work of Freud the domain of psychology would not have reached its level of knowledge in this present-day. II Freud’s work and achievements In the twentieth century, Freud became one of the innovators of modern-day psychology. He questioned the function of our mind thoroughly. He not only contributed a lot to the domain of psychology, but also in literature and arts. His theories influencedRead MoreEssay about Definition of Psychology714 Words   |  3 PagesDefinition of Psychology The term psychology comes from two Greek words: psyche, which means 1. The spirit or soul. 2. The human mind. 3. In psychoanalysis, the mind functioning as the center of thought, emotion, and behavior. And logos, the study of. or according to modern researches science These root words were first combined in the 16th century, at a time when the human soul, spirit, or mind was seen as distinct from the body. Definition ofRead MorePsychodynamic Perspectives : The Psychodynamic Perspective1345 Words   |  6 PagesThe Psychodynamic Perspective: The Psychodynamic perspective in Psychology examines the theory that our personality and mental disorders are created outside of our awareness by processes in our unconscious mind. It examines the idea that our unconscious outweighs our actual consciousness and that there is more than what we credit ourselves for and/or are potentially unconsciously blocking. One of the best known approaches of this perspective is by using psychoanalysis. This approach highlights andRead MoreEssay on Understanding Consciousness1728 Words   |  7 PagesUnderstanding Consciousness This paper encompasses an analysis of physiological psychology, the relationship between the human nervous system and behavior, and an evaluation of historical figures in the field of physiological psychology The Biopsychological Approach to Understanding Consciousness The process of understanding awareness can be complex. Understanding that there are different spectrums of consciousness and that each type represents different principles is the best approach to understandingRead MoreHypnosis : Advanced Psychology Of Personality887 Words   |  4 Pages HYPNOSIS ADVANCED PSYCHOLOGY OF PERSONALITY SubmittedBy: Sandhya Aryal Submitted To: Dr. Ralph Alexander Date: 10/12/2015 â€Æ' HYPNOSIS Some psychologists think of hypnosis as an altered state of consciousness, while others believe that it is simply a product of more mundane processes such as focused attention and expectation (King, 2010, p.98). Both of the above perspectives are applicable and reasonable. Hypnosis is defined as an adjusted state of consciousness, attention and expectationRead MoreEssay on Altered States of Consciousness1003 Words   |  5 PagesAltered States of Consciousness Consciousness is a state of awareness. This includes a person’s feelings, sensations, ideas, and perceptions. There are many different states of consciousness. Sleep is a state of altered consciousness, characterized by certain patterns of the brains activity and inactivity. An altered state of consciousness is when a person is not completely aware of their surroundings. Some researchers believe that we sleep to clear our minds of useless informationRead MoreA Licensed Chemical Dependency Counselor857 Words   |  4 PagesHeroin is a substance that alters the mood and consciousness. It causes the consciousness of an individual to be altered much, unstable moods, and immoral behaviors and speech as well. It is now understood of how compulsive addictions can be, despite the consequences of the addiction. The seriousness of heroin addictions can be noted by viewing statistics. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (2014) explains that â€Å"Heroin is an illegal, highly addictive drug processed from morphine, a naturally occurringRead MorePsychoactive Drugs And Its Effects On Human Consciousness1284 Words   |  6 PagesA psychoactive drug is any substance that can be used to change brain function. This resulting change is responsible for alterations in perception, mood, and consciousness. As long as man has had a basic grasp on understanding consciousness they have tried delving deeper and deeper into their own consciousness and not only grown a larger respect for just how deep they can go but have had experiences that have encouraged them to go deeper. Rock paintings and fossil finds from as far back as 10,000

Tax Research Memo free essay sample

Inez Butler is the sole shareholder of Pelican, Inc. , which owns car dealerships. Pelican purchases the assets of a Chevrolet dealership. The purchase price of $12 million is allocated to the purchased assets based on the fair market values. This includes $3. 5 million that is allocated to goodwill. In addition to the price of $12 million, Pelican incurred legal fees of $250,000 associated with the purchase. According to an itemized invoice provided by the attorney, 80% of the legal fees relate to the acquisition of inventory. Consequently, Pelican assigned $200,000 of the legal fees to inventory with the balance being capitalized as goodwill. The expectation is that 60% of the $200,000 will become part of cost of goods sold in the current year with the remaining 40% doing so in the following year. The IRS has concluded that  § 1060 limits the amount that may be assigned to the fair market value of the inventory. Therefore, the $200,000 of legal fees cannot be added to the basis of the inventory. Instead, it must be included in goodwill under the residual method. The issues that are presented are: Can legal fees related to the acquisition of inventory be considered as a basis of the inventory? Are the legal fees classified as goodwill? Rules: Section 1060 states for purposes of determining both, the transferees basis in such assets and the gain or loss of the transferor with respect to such acquisition, the consideration received for such assets shall be allocated among such assets acquired in such acquisition in the same manner as amounts are allocated to assets under section 338(b)(5) . The transferee and transferor agree in writing as to the allocation of any consideration, or as to the fair market value of any of the assets, such agreement shall be binding on both the transferee and transferor unless the Secretary determines that such allocation (or fair market value) is not appropriate. IRS Publication 551 states when you purchase a trade or business, you generally purchase all assets used in the business operations, such as land, buildings, and machinery. Allocate the price among the various assets, including any section 197 intangibles. If you buy multiple assets for a lump sum, you and the seller may agree to a specific allocation of the purchase price among the assets in the sales contract. If this allocation is based on the value of each asset and you and the seller have adverse tax interests, the allocation generally will be accepted. West Covina Motors, Inc. v. Commissioner states considering new evidence including itemized attorney billing statements, determined that legal fees solely owned accrual-method auto dealership paid to various firms in connection with 1999 acquisition of another dealership were attributable in part to inventory financing and physical inventory of vehicle inventory, and as such were allowable as COGS and deductible 40% and 60% in [pg. 2141] subject years, respectively. As to remaining fees/acquisition-related amortizable capital expenditures, Court determined that portion paid to 1 firm related to overall acquisition; that other amounts paid to sellers counsel were in furtherance of seller-financing arrangement and related only to assets purchased under purchase agreement; that entire purchase price was allocable between class III and class V assets; and, rejecting IRSs Code Sec. 1060 argument, that fees should be allocated proportionately to assets with which they were associated and in accord with parties stipulations. Legal fees incurred in the acquisition or disposition of a capital asset are to be treated as capital expenditures and are to be added to the basis of the capital asset with respect to which they are incurred. Analysis According to Section 1060, â€Å"the transferee and transferor agree in writing as to the allocation of any consideration, or as to the fair market value of any of the assets, such agreement shall be binding on both the transferee and transferor unless the Secretary determines that such allocation (or fair market value) is not appropriate†, which in the case of Pelican Inc. , Pelican Inc. purchased the assets that were based on the fair market values of the assets from the transferor, therefore there is no need to determine the transferee’s basis. With this being said the Section 1060 does not apply to Pelican Inc. because they have stipulated the cost for the assets. In West Covina Motors, Inc. v. Commissioner, the Tax Court found that the legal fees associated with the purchase of a dealership â€Å"are treated as capital expenditures and are to be â€Å"added to the basis of the capital asset with respect to which they are incurred†. This is a similar case that relates to Pelican Inc. Pelican Inc. attained legal fees in the preparation of the acquisition of a dealership. For Pelican Inc. to be able to purchase the dealership, they had to attain an attorney to draw up the paperwork. Since the legal fees are allowable, they can be included in the cost of goods sold. Conclusion Pelican Inc. will be able to include the legal fees in the basis of the inventory and will not be subject to IRS Section 1060 limitations. The balance of $50,000 in legal fees will be capitalized as goodwill. As long as Pelican Inc. is able to keep proper record keeping, they should be able to prove to the IRS that the legal fees are included in the cost of goods sold.

Indigenous Support for Children and Families- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theIndigenous Support for Children and Families for Youth. Answer: One of the greatest rising concerns for the Canadian government has to be the growing rate of the indigenous population growing and the various issues that these populations are facing. According o the recent statistics, the indigenous children and youth can be pegged as the fastest growing population in Canada, and they represent a glaring figure of 50% of the 1.4 million indigenous individuals residing in Canada. However, there are various life style issues pertaining for the indigenous children and youth that continues to impact the lifestyle and opportunities given to these children (Brown Nicholas, 2012). Although, it has to be mentioned as well that there have been many initiatives that has been taken both from government sectors and not for profit agencies to improve the living conditions of the Canadian indigenous children and support them. This assignment will focus on the program savethechildren and explore the impact this program has had on the children and how it relates with community capacity building. It has to be mentioned in here that the Save the children initiative is an international child support program that has been operating as an independent not for profit, non government privatized organization; this organizations operates in a varied range of different nations with the motto or promoting the childrens rights and providing all kinds of relief and support services to the underprivileged or backward children all around the globe. This organization started its journey back in 1919, and ever since has been working both independently and in collaboration with different national authorities to provide better educational opportunities, improved access to healthcare, and better living conditions to the children in need (Savethechildren.ca., 2018). Save the children Canada is the member of this world leading organization for children and is run on funds raised both domestically and internationally. The primary motto of the Canadian venture of Save the children us to provide a safe and healthy environment for the children along with safeguarding all the rights and needs that the underprivileged children are entitled. According to the Elias et al. (2012), the indigenous children represent an underprivileged sector of the society that trail behind the children of the mainstream society in every aspect of their life including education, financial background and health outcomes. The main purpose of initiatives and programs of this organization has been to obliterate this inequality and let the indigenous communities provide an environment for their children that are equivocal to the rest of the Canadians in every aspect (Savethechildren.ca., 2018). Needless to state the major emphasis of the programs and initiatives run by this organization are focused at the indigenous communities, their living conditions and its direct or indirect impact on the health and welfare of the indigenous children of Canada. It has to be mentioned in this context that apart from family income status and educational statistics, the factors like the rate of homelessness, infant mortality and suicide are also a significant concern for the indigenous communities of Canada. As pr the mission and vision of this organization, the impact of all the above mentioned socio-economic determinants have a huge impact on the growth and development of these children. According to the Kinney (2012), the indigenous children in Canada are being robbed off of their rights to develop to their full potential as a valued and respected citizen and hence the organization collaborates with different authorities to support not only the indigenous children, but the entire commun ity to improve the overall living environments for them. The organization till date has collaborated withNational Indigenous Advisory Circle in the past to develop a relationship framework that has taken into consideration the different indigenous cultural values and tradition and introduced revitalization of cultural teachings and languageso support the cultural heritage of these communities and provide a chance to the children to understand and appreciate their cultural heritage. In the year of 2014, the organization had also partnered with Kenora Chiefs Advisory (Ontario) in order to support the youth peer help training program for the indigenous communities. This program has facilitated traditional and mainstream approaches to create a critical and accessible helpline within the indigenous community. The organization also acknowledges the deteriorating condition of the maternal and neonatal health of the indigenous communities, and hence collaborated with National Aboriginal Council of Midwives, to bring forth the birthing experience p rogram as well (Savethechildren.ca., 2018). There are various different programs and initiatives offered to the indigenous communities by this organization. Apart from the above mentioned two initiatives namely, youth peer helping training program, and the birthing experience; there are 4 more actively operating programs that are aiming to improve the health and welfare outcomes of the indigenous communities. First and foremost, the emergency preparedness and response and recovery programs helps the communities to protect themselves and the children during any natural calamity or emergency situation. The next program offered is adolescent skills for successful transition which helps the indigenous community to build skills and livelihood opportunities to make a smooth transition to a safe and decent living condition. Journey for hope is the program helps to build resilience among the younger members of the indigenous communities who have been through any trauma or addiction problem. And lastly the prevention of sexual exploita tion program has been a key facilitator for protecting the indigenous girls and generating safety awareness among them (Savethechildren.ca., 2018). According to the Hacker et al. (2012), the concept of community capacity building encourages and supports any community to build upon the ability and resources to solve their collective issues. As defined by the Leeuw, Cameron and Greenwood (2012), in the context community health and welfare, the community capacity building approaches correlates the factors such as human capital, organizational resources, and social capital to not only solve the prevalent issues in the community but also helps to continually improve the living and wellbeing status of the community over time. There are many initiatives taken by the Save the children organization that has close correlation with the community capacity building concepts. The primary principle of the community capacity building is to generate a community identity by building different frameworks that aim at bringing a sustainable change and a sense of empowerment (aifs.gov.au., 2018). The relationship framework implemented with collaborat ion to the national indigenous advisory circle has attempted to revitalize the cultural identity among the indigenous individuals and help them reinstate their traditional values in every aspect of their lives including solving different issues. Along with the youth peer training program helps to unite the indigenous individuals as a community network to help and support those in need effectively (Savethechildren.ca., 2018). Along with that, it has to be mentioned that with respect to child and family welfare, community capacity building to strengthen community as a more protective and nurturing entity to support the children and their families. There are several programs initiated by this organization which has attempted similar initiatives; the birthing experience program had been an excellent example of the same where the community capacity building methods have been utilized to reduce the need for forced maternal evacuation and encouraging the recruitment and retention of health providers that have a indigenous origin and background understanding. In terms of community development, community strengthening and community mobilization are two very important aspects. Programs like Adolescent Skills For Successful Transitions and Prevention Of Sexual Exploitation Of Indigenous Girls have been great contributors to the overall community enhancement, these programs have helped the young indigenous individua ls make a smooth transition to an secure and dignified life and also help protect and aware the abused and harassed women of the community taking the approach of uniting and empowering the community following the principles of community capacity building (Savethechildren.ca., 2018). References: Brown, D., Nicholas, G. (2012). Protecting indigenous cultural property in the age of digital democracy: Institutional and communal responses to Canadian First Nations and M?ori heritage concerns.Journal of Material Culture,17(3), 307-324. Education Save The Children Canada. (2018).Savethechildren.ca. Retrieved 5 March 2018, from https://www.savethechildren.ca/what-we-do/education/ Elias, B., Mignone, J., Hall, M., Hong, S. P., Hart, L., Sareen, J. (2012). Trauma and suicide behaviour histories among a Canadian indigenous population: An empirical exploration of the potential role of Canada's residential school system.Social science medicine,74(10), 1560-1569. Hacker, K., Tendulkar, S. A., Rideout, C., Bhuiya, N., Trinh-Shevrin, C., Savage, C. P., ... DiGirolamo, A. (2012). Community capacity building and sustainability: outcomes of community-based participatory research.Progress in community health partnerships: research, education, and action,6(3), 349. Health and Nutrition Save The Children Canada. (2018).Savethechildren.ca. Retrieved 5 March 2018, from https://www.savethechildren.ca/what-we-do/health-and-nutrition/ Indigenous and Canadian Programs Save The Children Canada. (2018).Savethechildren.ca. Retrieved 5 March 2018, from https://www.savethechildren.ca/what-we-do/national-indigenous-programs/ Kinney, B. (2012). Community Capacity Building.Democracy in motion: Evaluating the practice and impact of deliberative civic engagement, 163. Leeuw, S. D., Cameron, E. S., Greenwood, M. L. (2012). Participatory and community?based research, Indigenous geographies, and the spaces of friendship: A critical engagement.The Canadian Geographer/Le Gographe canadien,56(2), 180-194. Understanding community capacity-building. (2018).Child Family Community Australia. Retrieved 5 March 2018, from https://aifs.gov.au/cfca/publications/applying-community-capacity-building-approaches-child-wel/understanding-community Where We Work Save The Children Canada. (2018).Savethechildren.ca. Retrieved 5 March 2018, from https://www.savethechildren.ca/where-we-work/#canada

Case Study on QR Codes

Questions: 1.In which stage(s) of the consumer decision?making process may QR codes be of particular relevance? 2. Do you see a marketing opportunity for QR codes in the services sector? Explain why or why not, and illustrate your answer by using examples from the services sector such as retail, financial services, health services, public sector utilise and transport? 3. The case study offers examples of how QR codes can bypass multiple layers of distribution and support marketing . Specific to the services sector what are some potential advantages of this? 4. How may QR codes affect consumers perceived risk of products within the services sector? 5. Which other forms of interactive content and/or information may be developed to support service operations and customer satisfaction in the future? Answers: Introduction Introduction of QR codes contributed significantly improvement of advertising and enhancing efficiency for an organization. The codes help an organization to offer customers a chance to obtain extra information about the product or the company itself. QR codes offer companies an excellent chance for advertising because the symbols used can be used be converted into video and thus helping to convey the message to the customer. The QR code works in such away a way that the company uses a QR code generator to design a readable and interesting message (Dacko, 2012). For the customer to see or read the message or the content of the QR code, they should have a smart phone which has QR reader application. One of the advantages of QR code over bar codes is that consumers will tend to spend more time on the companys website which may influence their decision to buy. QR codes are capable of holding bulk information which makes it very convenient for companies using it. This report analyzes how QR codes influences the decision making processes for individual consumers. It also analyzes the use of the codes in marketing and how efficient they are. 1. QR codes are used in several stages of consumer decision making process. The first stage in which QR codes are used by decision makers is the information searching stage. This is the stage where a customer gathers information about a particular product or line of product after identifying his/her needs. Searching of information helps the consumer to make informed purchase decisions. Since QR code offers quick access to a companys information, the consumer can therefore obtain useful information from the website (Bryson Daniels, 2015). The website may contain information on product offered, description, prices, after sale services offered and other useful information on the product that the consumer wants to buy. Therefore, by using QR codes, a company such as Gellerie can provide information on a product to the consumers easily. QR codes are also useful in evaluation of alternatives by the consumer. The consumer can scan the QR code and get access to the different types of products offered by a particular company. For example a McDonalds customer can identify the available flavo rs and varieties of Pizza by using QR codes (Haase, 2011). A customer can also compare different companies by accessing their QR codes. QR is also important in the post purchase evaluation. Consumers can compare what they bought with what was promised in the QR code. Consumers also obtain usage prescriptions and manual for machines and equipment to guide them in using the product. 2. There is huge marketing opportunity in the service sector. This is because, QR codes helps in making provision of services more efficient. This is therefore very important since the aim of every service provider is to offer efficient and reliable services to its customers. QR codes can be used in the retail business to check information on a product. An example is when a consumer wants to buy a product in a supermarket; he/she can scan the QR code to obtain information on the manufacturer of the product. A QR code can also be used in the financial services industry. Banks can place QR codes in their products such as cheques which customers can scan to get information on the state of their account and market the institution to its customers. The banks can include information on products offered and interest rates. QR codes can also be used in the health services sector. An example is an hospital issuing its patients QR codes to identify the period of time it will take them to be se rved and their number in the queue (Kotler, Armstrong, Harris, 2017).This will help to eliminate physical queuing by patients. In the transport industry, QR codes can be used in place of paper tickets. Customers can book to travel online and then obtain a unique QR code which contains their identification details and all other relevant information. 3. The fact that use of QR codes help in bypassing multiple layers of distribution and support marketing. This not only applies in the goods market as well as in the service market. The advantages of bypassing multiple layers of distribution in the service sector include; Increasing efficiency in an organization by reducing the time taken to serve each customer. This happens by reducing the procedures that a customer should go through before getting the service they require. The use of QR codes are important in reducing layers of distribution by making it possible for customers to obtain some services online instead of physically. QR codes helps an organization to market the services it offers by giving customers QR through which they can access extra information about the company (Russell, 2010). By reducing support services, the organization will be able to reduce costs that it would have otherwise incurred and therefore its important in reducing costs which in turn increase profit margins. The level of customer satisfaction is also increased when layers of distribution reduce. This is very important in maintaining existing customers by an organization. 4. QR codes affect perceived risks of a product through various ways. One of the ways in which the use of QR codes has affected the perceived risk in the service industry is that it has reduced the risk of delay in getting services. Time Is a very important factor especially in the service industry and therefore, there is always a risk not getting the services a consumer needed on time. Since use of QR codes helps in reducing distribution layers and reducing the time taken to serve each customer, the use of QR codes will reduce the perceived risk of delay in service delivery. QR codes also reduce the perceived risk of getting poor services from an organization (Woodall, 2007). By using the QR codes, customers are assured of good services from the service provider since the QR code offers important information on the services offered and the organization itself. The use of QR codes helps to reduce the perceived risk of loss of confidentiality. Since most consumers of services are very concerned about confidentiality, the use of QR code will help reduce the risk of unauthorized persons gaining access to their private information. 5. Use of QR codes has been very fundamental in improving service support and customer satisfaction both in the service industry and the product market. There are other forms of interactive content that can be developed to improve service delivery. One of this content is the development of a self service application that can be used by customers to obtain services online. This will help the customers to get the service they require very quickly and conveniently without having to visit the facility physically. Development of a machine that can be used to make deposits in the bank like an ATM is used for withdrawing would be important in improving services and customer satisfaction in the financial services industry. This will help in eliminating long queues in the banks. Recommendations QR code should be used by companies more in promoting and advertising their products and services. This will help in reducing the costs incurred by organization in advertising. Organizations should be innovative and embrace the use of interactive technology in adding value to the services offered to consumers References Bryson, J. R., Daniels, P. W. (2015). Handbook of Service Business: Management, Marketing, Innovation and Internationalisation. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. Dacko, S. (2012). Time?of?day services marketing. Journal Of Services Marketing, 26(5), 375-388. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/08876041211245290 Haase, M. (2011). Service-Dominant Logic for Marketing. Marketing ZFP, 33(2), 98-110. https://dx.doi.org/10.15358/0344-1369-2011-2-98 Information Resources Management Association. (2016). Web-based services: Concepts, methodologies, tools, and applications. Kotler, P., Armstrong, G., Harris, L. (2017). Principles of marketing (1st ed.). New York: Pearson. Russell, E. (2010). The fundamentals of marketing (1st ed.). Lausanne: AVA Academia. Woodall, T. (2007). New marketing, improved marketing, apocryphal marketing. European Journal Of Marketing, 41(11/12), 1284-1296. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03090560710821170

Research Design Participants, Procedure and Techniques

Introduction A research design is a ‘‘blueprint’’ for a research, and it normally deals with at least four problems. The problems are: the question to be studied, making the data relevant to be incorporated in the study, the data that a researcher need to collect and how the data collected may be analyzed. Therefore, the best research design will depend on the research questions and the target of a researcher (Khanzode, 2004).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Research Design: Participants, Procedure and Techniques specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are two main types of research questions; descriptive research and explanatory research. A descriptive research, normally explain what is going on. On the contrary, explanatory research focuses on giving an explanation on what is going to be done. Therefore, a research design is more than just a frame work because it ensures that, the evidence obtained enable the researcher to answer the initial question (Zikmund, 2008). Research Participants/Target Population Measuring the entire population is quite challenging in social science research because of the population diversity. Therefore it becomes necessary to select a sample from the entire population using the most appropriate sampling technique. The selection of participants to be included in a study is the most important aspect of a research (Kumar, 2005). In this study, the participants will be human resource managers of various selected companies and their employees. The managers and employees to be selected will be assigned groups for the purpose of the study. Therefore, it is essentially important to be a ware of the procedures to be followed in order to select the most appropriate group of participants. Normally participants are selected after selecting the most appropriate research design for the study. The participants may be selected using probabili ty sampling. In this case, the participants have equal chances of being selected in the sample and the probability can accurately being determined (Cooper Schindler, 2011). Under the probability sampling there are various sampling techniques involved among them include; Simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling and multistage sampling. In simple random sampling all the participants have equal probability of being selected (Zikmund, 2008). Therefore in this study simple random sampling is going to be applied because of its simplicity and that; all participants will have equal chances of inclusion. Instruments According to Kumar (2005), the instruments for data collection to be used in a study depend on the information to be gathered. Therefore, in this study, several instruments will be incorporated together in order to obtain a sharp focus of the study. Among the tools that are going to be applied include; personal interviews, observation, self administered s urvey, checklist and rating scale. Personal interviews will be conducted between the human resource managers of the selected firms.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The researcher will interview the human resource managers of the selected firms by asking those questions regarding employees training and retention. The answers will be recorded as the interview proceeds. Additionally, questionnaires will be structured and distributed to the selected firms. Prior to their distribution, a pilot study will be conducted among the class mates in order to test the validity and reliability of the structured questions (Khanzode, 2004). Observations will also be carried out whereby; the researcher will observe the overall impact of employee’s retention and training on the returns of the firm. In connection to the above, checklist will be used to collect the data. This is because th e checklist contain terms which the respondent understand and normally express the respondent views. Finally rating scales is going to be applied to collect the data. Rating scale is a recording form used for measuring individual’s attitudes, aspirations and both behavioral aspects of individuals and groups (Cooper Schindler, 2011). Sampling Procedure/ sample size The research design to be used in this study will be a case study. This is because, a case study will give the researcher an in depth understanding of whether there is a correlation between the employees’ retention rates and the overall profits of the company. This will further enable the corporate managers and other stakeholders in the selected companies to make informed decision regarding employee’s retention and training. The target population will consist of 35 best performing listed firms in the New York Security Exchange. A sample of 10 companies will be picked out of 35 selected firms using sim ple random sampling. The reasons for using simple random sampling is because, all the participants will have equal chances of inclusion in the study hence, threat of invalidity and reliability will be substantially reduced(Kothari, 2005). Additionally, prior to actual research, an application letter for special permission will be sent to the targeted firms and after permission have been granted actual research will be conducted. Conclusion The above discussion has put forth the process of coming up with a research design that will includes the all relevant components of a research. However, coming up with a research design requires time. This is because it involve coming up with a model that determine how the overall research will be conducted and the participants to be involved in the study. The importance of a research design is that, it enables the searcher to come up with valid and relevant outcomes of a study.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Rese arch Design: Participants, Procedure and Techniques specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Cooper, D. R., Schindler, P. S. (2011). Business research methods. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Khanzode, V. V. (2004). Research methodology: Techniques and trends. New Delhi: APH Pub. Kothari, C. R. (2005). Research methodology: Methods techniques. New Delhi: New Age International (P) Ltd. Kumar, R. (2005). Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners. London [u.a.: SAGE. Zikmund, W. G. (2008). Business research methods. Mason (Ohio: South-Western Cengage Learning. This research paper on Research Design: Participants, Procedure and Techniques was written and submitted by user Aarav Gray to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Business Environment of Sri Lanka Telecom Plc free essay sample

If not for all of them my assignment wouldn’t have been a success. Kevin De Silva Executive Summary This assignment gives an exhaustive analysis focusing mainly on the business environment on one of the most leading companies in the communication industry of Sri Lanka. It is also the national telecommunication service provider of the country, Sri Lanka Telecom PLC. Task one gives an in-depth analysis of what the organization is, on what corner stone’s it is built on, what it is now, and its purpose of existence, based on their norms, beliefs and traditions. Such as their vision, mission, aims, goals, market share and market growth. It also shows the relationship between the organization and its stakeholders, considering the expectations of the stakeholders, and the responsibility the organization has towards them. Task two (part one), explains the market types that are available in the industry, and in which market type SLT operates in. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Environment of Sri Lanka Telecom Plc or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It also shows the demand in the total industry versus the supply of SLT showing how much of the market is being served and satisfied by them. The reasons for their success in being the number one service provider is identified through their level of innovation, technology and research and development, and is also shown how it is linked in operating in the global arena and the global impact of the organization, the markets they are targeting and how they are planning to enter those emerging markets. At the end of these two tasks we will have a very good understanding on the business environment of Sri Lanka Telecom PLC. Task two (part two), with related to the previous tasks have a more generalized approach. It speaks about two main instruments in the economy the monetary and fiscal policy. This is then related to Sri Lanka and United Kingdom by showing the similarities and differences in the execution of these policies. It then shows the effects of these economic policies on the communication industry, by showing how it affects the sales and production. The tax trend of the organization and reasons for the trend are also shown. All these information will be presented briefly and clearly in a single page poster. Task two (part three), is a presentation on the key economic factors of Mexico. The slides of the presentation are attached. California Management Review. 1983. Stockholders and Stakeholders: A new perspective on Corporate Governance. ) Diagram 3 – Categorization of Stakeholders â€Å"We have thus enhanced value with each of our stakeholder segments – shareholders, customers, employees, investors, suppliers, regulatory and other related state authorities, the media, the community and in the larger context, the State. † (Sri Lanka Telecom. 2011. Sustainability Report: 2010. Sri Lanka: Sri Lanka Telecom. ) 3. 2 Employees Employees are those who keep the organization in operation, while expecting salaries and wages in return, along with job security and job satisfaction. They have the power to influence the quality of the service of the organization. SLT has a labour force of 6,297 as of June 2011. (TRCSL. 13/10/2011. Telecommunication Regulatory Commission of Sri Lanka: Statistics 2011 June. [Online]. Available: http://www. trc. gov. lk/information/statistics. html. [27/12/2011]. ) 3. 3 Shareholders Shareholders are those who invest in the organization expecting higher dividends. They have the power to elect the directors of the organization. Shareholders of SLT are as follows, * Government of Sri Lanka which holds 52% * Global Telecommunication Holdings N. V. of Netherlands 44. 98% * Public 3. 02% 3. 4 Customers Customers are the key stakeholders of any organization, if not for customers the organization wouldn’t exist. They expect value for money and good services, and they have the power to influence the revenue of the business. SLT’s customer base is over 5. 5million. â€Å"The SLT Group has a customer base of over five and a half million including multinational corporations, large and small corporate, retail and domestic customers† (Sri Lanka Telecom. 2011. Management Report: 2010. Sri Lanka: Sri Lanka Telecom. ) 3. 5 Suppliers Suppliers are those who supply all the raw materials for an organization to function. In the case of SLT it could be electronic equipment and accessories that aid the telecommunication industry. The suppliers influence the quality, price and availability of the products, and they expect prompt payments and long term contracts. Some of the suppliers for SLT are ZTE Corporation China and other suppliers from Thailand. â€Å"†¦. while related team members visited the equipment supplier in Thailand for more in depth skill development† (Sri Lanka Telecom. 2011. Management Report: 2010. Sri Lanka: Sri Lanka Telecom. ) 3. 6 Government Diversify our portfolio of products and services and diversify our business through new innovative business models, sustainable partnerships. (Sri Lanka Telecom. 2011. Management Report: 2010. Sri Lanka: Sri Lanka Telecom. ) 4. 5 Market Share Fixed and Mobile Broadband – Total Market Share Diagram 4 – Total Market Share (Fixed and Mobile Broadband) Fixed Line – Total Market Share Diagram 5 – Total Market Share (Fixed Line) (Sri Lanka Telecom. 2011. Annual Report: 2010,2009,2008,2007,2006. Sri Lanka: Sri Lanka Telecom. ) 4. 6 Growth of Market Share

Advantages and disadvantages of the BBC Essays

Advantages and disadvantages of the BBC Essays Advantages and disadvantages of the BBC Essay Advantages and disadvantages of the BBC Essay With the growth of mass communication, travel and relocation, we now live in what has been called a global village. This new globalization and the cultural diversity it has created within nation states can also be seen as a threat to order as well as the above mentioned traditional family values, codes of good taste and decency. These perceived threats in turn lead to calls by both ordinary citizens and their governments for re-regulation. There is a built in conflict between change and order and it has become increasingly difficult for governments to get the balance right on regulation in the case of broadcast television as well as the media at large. BBC has to choose whether to stay home or move out to the global arena and compete globally. And this is the last dilemma they actually face. Now, the advantages of BBC for being a global player is: More growth under BBC brand reputation sustains: The BBC has been a global broadcaster through the world service since the early days of it development. International radio broadcasts began in 1932; by the end of the 20th century, the world service was broadcasting in over 40 languages to estimated audience of 151 million people around the world. BBC brand is one of the worlds most powerful brands, respected and trusted for its quality and integrity. The funding regulation role encourages the organization to compete for attracting more worldwide audiences. Which allow the BBC Worldwide to submit to utilize the brand in order to gain max. profits ,so the BBC success as a international broadcaster to exploit its programmes on the world market through developing and humanizing to gain the respect for both quality of its programmes and its independent, realistic reporting which become with the BBC responsibilities and that what make the BBC reputation grow worldwide. Attempt to enhance profits: the British governments have encouraged the development of the BBCs commercial activities to attempt to enhance the income. Under the direction of John Birts the expansion programme took off with new channels (e.g. BBC choice, BBC knowledge..) and alliances (e.g. the agreement with Discovery) that encouraged the corporations expansion into new markets, while serious investment in new technologies particularly digital and online- diminished the available funds for existing analogue service. Through the efforts of the commercial arm of the BBC- BBC Worldwide- they will have a remit to exploit the brand in order to gain maximum returns on the BBCs assets-its programmes- to generate revenues that are reinvested in public service programming. The disadvantages is: Uncertainty of success: to be a global player, BBC should consider some aspect in the international arena that the BBC did not do it before get into that filed which make me a faired that BBC has abilities to move from the local site to the global landscape productively. The BBC it self may not be able to have all the raw materials to use them in order to success in a highly competitive environment. It seems that the organization moved globally without an obvious strategy. They depended on their national successful to jump globally. Nevertheless, if they cannot manage to reach their target they could even loosen the national reputation especially after the ignorance of most of the minority interests of the U.K citizens. Therefore, they have to do the best they can to success or they will face a real problem. Loosing its nationwide identity: IN the way to inter the global landscape surly BBC will lose the concentration on the local arena it will lose some part of its pre-loyal audiences because of the global plan, it will focus on the global broadcaster. In the digital world of multimedia choice, the pressure on the BBC is greater than before to produce diverse programmes that assurance something for everyone even with low quality because the quantity is more important than the quality in commercial point of view. Most of those programmes are being produced for the global audience and being far away from the British tastes. People start to look at the BBC as a commercial company not public service broadcaster.  (word count: 1786) Q2: Based on the economic, organizational, socio-political and cultural features surrounding the BBC, which are outlined in the Case study, what is your advice to the top- level management of the BBC on the process of decision making which they should adopt in order to avoid making flawed decisions with respect to their response to the three strategic dilemmas?  No body denied that BBC has huge contribution on the British social life and culture both at national and international. Most of British citizens who want to see that contribution maintained into the multi-channel future. Which make the pressure on the BBC to change and adjust itself to the speedily changing demands of that future. The nation needs a BBC that delivers high standard, innovative broadcasting that nurtures British talent, which present the nation to itself, and that respects the contributions made by the other players in the media world. To fallow that changes needs right decision to avoid flawed decision to the organization has, decision-making is an important part of all managerial functions performed .BBC has to use the knowledge concentrated process that demands good management of information to produce a preferred process outcome. In taking decision-making I advice the top-manager in BBC to take in consideration the actual process of organizational decision making, which will not only avoid making flawed decisions with respect to their response to the three strategic dilemmas, also enhance the image of the BBC in the whole world the process of organizational decision making has the following: Organizational goals: which mean that the top manager in organization should consider how goals occur in an organization and how goals will change over time, and how they should act and respond to these changes of goals? In BBC the union members include managers, employees, stockholders, suppliers, clients, , tax collectors has one vision, that top manager have to take in consideration that the goals must deal effectively with the probable for internal goal conflicts existed in a coalition of diverse individuals and groups. Since the existence of unresolved conflicts among organizational stakeholders, which will reflect on the feature of the organizations, it is difficult to construct a useful descriptively exact suggestions of the organizational decision making process if they insist on internal goal consistency. My advice to the BBC top-manager is to adopt The Rational Model which consider decision unit behavior is reputed to be rational. Moreover, it assumes goal congruence and clarity which implies that all members of the decision making unit share a common goal and will collaborate to achieve this goal and that the goal is clearly defined and well understood by all members of the decision-making unit. The decision making process consists of problem recognition, formulation of alternative courses of action and selection of an alternative that accomplishes the predefined goal.

The American Leisure Class Essay Example

The American Leisure Class Essay Example The American Leisure Class Essay The American Leisure Class Essay Thorstein Veblen During the earlier stages of economic development, consumption of goods without stint, especially consumption of the better grades of goods – ideally all consumption in excess of the subsistence minimum – pertains normally to the leisure class. This restriction tends to disappear, at least formally, after the later peaceable stage has been reached with private ownership of goods and an industrial system based on wage labour or on the petty household economy. The quasi-peaceable gentleman of leisure †¦ consumes freely and of the best, in food, drink, narcotics, shelter, services, ornaments, apparel, weapons and accoutrements, amusements, amulets, and idols or divinities. This growth of punctilious discrimination as to qualitative excellence in eating, drinking, etc. , presently affects not only the manner of life, but also the training and intellectual activity of the gentleman of leisure. He is no longer simply the successful, aggressive male – the man of strength, resource, and intrepidity. In order to avoid stultification he must also cultivate his tastes, for it now becomes incumbent on him to discriminate with some nicety between the noble and the ignoble in consumable goods. He becomes a connoisseur in creditable viands of various degrees of merit, in manly beverages and trinkets, in seemly apparel and architecture, in weapons, games, dances and the narcotics. This cultivation of the aesthetic faculty requires time and application, and the demands made upon the gentleman in this direction therefore tend to change his life of leisure into a more or less arduous application to the business of learning how to live a life of ostensible leisure in a becoming way. Closely related to the requirement that the gentleman must consume freely and of the right kind of goods, there is the requirement that he must know how to consume them in a seemly manner. His life of leisure must be conducted in due form. Hence arise good manners. High-bred manners and ways of living are items of conformity to the norm of conspicuous leisure and conspicuous consumption. This blending and confusion of the elements of expensiveness and of beauty is, perhaps, best exemplified in articles of dress and of household furniture. The code of reputability in matters of dress decides what shapes, colours, materials and general effects in human apparel are for the time to be acce pted as suitable: and departures from the code are offensive to our taste, supposedly as being departures from aesthetic truth. The approval with which we look upon fashionable attire is by no means to be accounted pure make-believe. We readily, and for the most part with utter sincerity, find those things pleasing that are in vogue. Shaggy dress-stuffs and pronounced colour effects, for instance, offend us at times when the vogue is goods of a high, glossy finish and neutral colours. A fancy bonnet of this year’s model unquestionably appeals to our sensibilities today much more forcibly than an equally fancy bonnet of the model of least year: although when viewed in the perspective of a quarter of a century, it would, I apprehend, be a matter of the utmost difficulty to award the palm for intrinsic beauty to the one rather that to the other of these structures. †¦. It has in the course of economic development become the office of the woman to consume vicariously for the head of the household; and her apparel is contrived with this object in view. It has come about that obviously productive labour is in a peculiar degree derogatory to respectable women, and therefore special pains should be taken in the construction of women’s dress to impress upon the beholder the fact (often indeed a fiction) that the wearer does not and can not habitually engage in useful work. Propriety requires respectable women to abstain more consistently from useful effort and to make more of a show of leisure than the men of the same social classes. It grates painfully on our nerves to contemplate the necessity of any well-bred woman’s earning a livelihood by useful work. It is not ‘women’s sphere’. Her sphere is within the household, which she should ‘beautify’, and of which she should be the ‘chief ornament’. The male head of the household is not currently spoken of as its ornament. This feature taken in conjunction with the other fact that propriety requires more unremitting attention to expensive display in the dress and other paraphernalia of women, goes to enforce the view already implied in what has gone before. By virtue of its descent from a patriarchal past, our social system makes it the woman’s function in an especial degree to put in evidence her household’s ability to pay. According to the modern civilized scheme of life, the good name of the household to which she belongs should be the special care of the woman; and the system of honorific expenditure and conspicuous leisure by which this good name is chiefly sustained is therefore the woman’s sphere †¦ Source: Veblen, T. (1953) the Theory of the Leisure Class. New York. Mentor. pp. 64-5, 97 and 126. First published by Macmillan in 1899 and 1912.

The Many Meanings of Sweat

The Many Meanings of Sweat The Many Meanings of â€Å"Sweat† The Many Meanings of â€Å"Sweat† By Maeve Maddox Sweat is one of those Old English words that has dwindled in meaning since Anglo-Saxon times. Back in those sword-swinging times, sweat mean blood. By Middle English times sweat had acquired its modern meaning of â€Å"perspiration.† In addition to its current literal meaning, sweat enjoys a rich figurative life: sweat of one’s brow This expression comes from Genesis 3:19: In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return. The expression has been used with a legal meaning in discussions of copyright law: â€Å"the effort expended in labor, and the value created thereby.† sweat equity value added to a house by means of the unpaid labor of owner or tenant. sweatshirt a collarless long-sleeved pullover made of cotton jersey with a smooth-finished face and a heavily napped back Merriam Webster sweat pants athletic pants made of the same fabric as a sweatshirt sweatband/sweat-band: can be either the band of leather or other material that forms the lining of a cap, or a band of terry cloth or other absorbent material worn around the head to absorb perspiration. sweat bee a bee attracted to the salt in human perspiration night sweats Excessive sweating during sleep. Medical term: Sleep hyperhidrosis sweat shop a small factory that does not conform to local standards of safety, sanitation, length of workday, or payment. sweat lodge an enclosed area heated by steam from water poured on hot stones; used especially by American Indians for spiritual and/or health purposes. sweater girl a model or actress who wears tight-fitting sweaters for publicity photos. The first â€Å"sweater girl† was Lana Turner. no sweat This idiom means â€Å"no problem.† â€Å"Can you fix this wretched computer for me?† â€Å"No sweat,† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Mostly Small But Expressive Interjections60 Synonyms for â€Å"Trip†25 Favorite Portmanteau Words

Libertarian and Non-Authoritarian Schooling Systems Essay

Libertarian and Non-Authoritarian Schooling Systems - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that one of the most popular free schools in the UK is Summerhill, formed by A.S Neil in 1924. Today, the school is still witnessing sharp government criticisms and constant inspections, which resulted in a court case in 2000. The White Lion Street Free School is also one of the popular free schools in Britain. This school offers a space where kids can exercise freedom and democracy. The libertarian element of the school is based on the principle of equitable distribution of power. To achieve this objective, there are no distinctions between teachers and workers at school, like maintenance of personnel and chefs. To the proponents of such schools, the process of learning should start with the assessments of the individuals’ needs and objectives, as opposed to the societal demands. The basis of the establishments of free schools is that the students set limits to their own independence and freedom and decide on their own when they will learn and what they need to learn. As a result, this form of schooling usually stands in the way of critical pedagogy. Summerhill School and White Lion Free School are some of the examples of freedom-based schools. Summerhill School is one of the famous free schools in the United Kingdom, formed by A.S Neill in 1924. Today, the school is still being run by the management of Leiston, Neill’s daughter, in spite of the constant government criticisms and scrutiny which resulted in a court case in 2000.

Campus Discipline Problem Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Campus Discipline Problem - Assignment Example Miami university-Oxford has a total population of 17191 students whereby 7560 of them are men and the remaining 9631 are women. It is a four-year public university. From the clergy data, it is seen that the university had zero incidents of students in possession of the weapons between the year 2006 and 2007. However, in 2008 there were two students who were reported having weapons. In matters to do with drugs, one in every 905 students were reported in 2006. In 2007, the number rose to one in every 452 students and the situation worsened in 2008 where one in every 1910 students were reported to be in possession of drugs. The school either didn’t do very well on the issue of illegal liquor. One in every 22 students were reported to be in possession of illegal liquor in 2006 and 2007. The number changed to one in every 23 students in 2007 and the situation was no good in 2008, one in every 31 students were reported. In comparison to other colleges in the United States, Miami University didn’t do well in matters to do with liquor and drugs. There were many cases of violation reported as compared to other universities. It also didn’t perform well in the category of four-year public universities in United States. In the category of four-year public universities in Ohio, the University had a poor performance with only Ohio University (main campus) and Ohio state University (main campus) performing worse than it. However, from the data, there was a remarkable reduction of violations from 2006 to

Analyse the marketing environment of Dominos Pizza (UK) (worth 60 per Essay

Analyse the marketing environment of Dominos Pizza (UK) (worth 60 per cent of mark) and Critically evaluate how this organisation is responding to its changi - Essay Example The company finally went public in 2004, and was able to reduce its $908 million debt. This paper will thoroughly discuss the SWOT analysis of a company along with other factors that vitally impact the organization’s quest to become a leader in its market. A comprehensive study of the company through the SWOT analysis indicates several things about the corporation. The company has a solid brand reputation, which enables it to have some advantage over its competitors. In addition, the company has an excellent marketing strategy that often displays the organization’s desire to improve in every aspect. Furthermore, the company has excellent operations management chain solutions, which allows it to allocate its resources effectively (â€Å"The pizza wars†). Moreover, with the advent of the technology, 21.8% of the pizzas in UK are delivered via the internet. Arjun Sen, manager of the Restaurant Marketing group stated some few harsh words of Domino’s stating, â€Å"Domino’s needs to define what it clearly stands in the minds of the pizza consumers.† (â€Å"The pizza wars†). Although it has met with recent criticism, the employees are motivated to work harder with the chefs to protect the companyâ⠂¬â„¢s brand. With that in mind, Domino’s decided to try cheddar bacon pizza melt to appeal to its burger lover customers. The company is able to serve decent-quality food at an affordable price with sanitary conditions, which gives it somewhat edge over its competitors(â€Å"The pizza wars†) Overall, the company is adapting well to the changes made by the head executives. The renovation of the recipe of the pizzas was a very successful approach towards bringing back customers. The company continues to adapt to new technology to serve its customers in a highly fashionable manner. Although the company does seem to have strengths, it also has certain weaknesses. The company constantly struggles to tackle the problem of

Power and Politics at Work Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Power and Politics at Work - Literature review Example As the paper outlines, employee motivation is indeed one of the major aspects of modern business. But this could be vitiated by several aspects like harassment and rough treatment in the work place. In their article entitled Human Resource Development Review- Towards a theoretical model of performance inhibiting work place dynamics, Brian A. Altman and Mesut Akbere argue and analyze that many situations could arise that could best be termed as â€Å"performance inhibiting work place dynamics.† Therefore it becomes very important that employees need to be positive minded and not cynical or caustic about the work or any other related matter. In the second article, its authors, James B. Avey, Tara S. Wernsing and Fred Luthans argue that while negative minded situations do present itself in business enterprises, at the end of the day it is the positive mindedness attitude of the employees that could help overcome difficult situations and bring about beneficial â€Å"organizationa l change.† (Avey., Wernsing & Luthans, second article). For instance, many may think in terms of downsizing in a negative sense but it could also increase efficiencies and streamline operations in a positive way. In the next article, its authors argue about the pros and cons of the merit payment schemes in the context of nonprofit organizations. The authors argue that under conventional methods, entitlements to incentives were taken for granted and not directly related to performance, but the new concept is that even in organizations requiring workforce to consider altruistic motives while performing, it is often the better performers who gain more merit payments rather than the poorer performers. However, the fairness of the schemes often determines its effectiveness and negative performance rating could serve to lower productivity and performance since if the â€Å" the organization does not reward their performance, but instead responds unfavorably to it by appraising perf ormance unfairly, an employee will perceive inequity.† (Cirka., & Deckop, Third article). That being said, now the argument moves from individual-based performance and motivational strategies to group based ones. In the next  article, the authors argue that team efficacy sometimes becomes more important than self-efficacy and thus while providing a greater degree of flexibility and leeway to operations, especially customer servicing, service teams are able to deliver better results, although they may be constrained about the optimum performance of each team constituent member. Thus â€Å"self-managing teams† are indeed very crucial in the overall organization performance index and are greatly valued, despite the argument that gaining optimum levels of performance from all members may be difficult propositions. (Royter., Wetzels., & Jong, Fourth article)  

In reference to Honey and Mumford's (1986) Learning Styles, crticially Essay

In reference to Honey and Mumford's (1986) Learning Styles, crticially evaluate how learning styles can influence practice in the criminal justice environment - Essay Example he learning styles is, the personalities that are best suited by each of these learning styles and the level of their applicability in any given field. The first learning style highlighted is activism. An activist is a learner who acquires learning while on the job. Activists are willing to venture into any field, and take any activity-based training that suits their needs while on this job. Activism is absent in the UK justice system, but only encompassed in the police force for instance during new cases. Activism is a risky learning system for an area as sensitive as justice. However, it also holds a level of open-mindedness which can be used to bring in new perspectives to justice cases that might have had the wrong judgments leading to the sentencing of the wrong people. One of the key critiques assigned to the UK justice system is the inaccuracy of the key judgments passed during sentencing (Daily Mail, 2013, "online"). The second learning style is reflection. Reflectors are people who learn from their own experiences and the experiences of others. A reflector mostly needs a guide in order for him to learn effectively. Reflectors are critical thinkers who analyze situations from diverse perspectives, reviewing the experience from diverse perspectives in an attempt to find a set procedure through which they can acquire knowledge that will be crucial when they are handling this case again. This is a key component that needs to be added to the UK justice system practice, where mentorship should be introduced. Mentorship in the UK justice system can assist learners develop skills that are mostly suited for learners to meet their predetermined levels of success and accuracy. Comparing the previous generation’s levels of accuracy and professionalism one understands how crucial it is to improve the UK current justice system. The fact that its compliance and efficiency has significantly dropped over the years only proves that there are very few mentorship

Nursing Practice Act Essay Example for Free

Nursing Practice Act Essay I came to realize just how fare we have come. My article includes information on the scope of practice for the nursing profession. The’re alson many different responsabilities of nurses, and the exams and prcedures they go though to become licensed are something else. There are a lot of things that a person can do to lose their license. The’re are also many avenues you can take in nursing, there are a lot of opertunities to grow. The definition of Nursing Practice is to provide individuals and groups with nursing care requiring specialized knowledge, judgment, and skill derived from the principles of biological, physical, behavioral, social, and nursing sciences. A nurses scope of practice focuses on identifing patterns of human responses to actual or potential health problems amenable to a nursing regimen. They are to execute a nursing regimen through the selection, performance, management, and evaluation of nursing actions, assessing health status, and to provide health counseling and health teaching. The scope of practice includes administering medicatons, treatments, and to execute regimens that are by authorized personal. The scope of practice also includes teaching, administering , supervising, delegating, and evaluating nursing practice. The standards related to the RN’s responsibilities in implementing the nursing process and as a member of the nursing profession is to be knowledgable in your work, always use the best possible route, and always make informed decisions. An advanced practice nurse is a registered nurse who has been certified under a certain chapter to practice in a certain field, by the board of nursing. They have certified registered nurse anesthetist, clinical nurse specialist, certified nurse- midwife, and certified nurse practitioner. Nurse practitioners have to also obtain prescriptive authority, which grants them the authority to prescribe medication. The nursing licensure requirements for a new graduate is first to send in an application for the licensure. The application has to include evidence that the applicant has completed requirements of a nursing education program approved by the board or approved by another jurisdiction’s board that regulates nurse licensure. The application will also include information requied by the board. There will be an application fee required by section 4723. 08 of the revised code. You also have to pass a background check that was brought into effect after June 1, 2003. The board of nursing may revoke, suspend or refuse to grant a nursing license, if a person is found by the board to have committed fruad in passing an examination required to obtain the license. A nurse can also have there license suspended or revoked if caught selling, giving away, or administering drugs or therapeutic devices for other than legal and legitimate therapeutic purposes. To renew a license that was issued for a two-year renewal period you have to have 24 hours of continuing nursing education. At least one hour of the education must be directly related to the statutes and rules pertainig to the practice of nursing in this state. The law and rule that sets the requirements for schools of nursing is section 4723. 07. Section 4723. 07 explains the different precedures and precautions that have to be taught to maintain proper sanitation and cleanliness. Handeling and disposal of needles and other sharp instruments. Wearing and disposal of gloves and other protective garments and devices. All in all the responsibilities of the Ohio state Board of Nursing is to assume and exercise all the powers and perform all the duties required of it by chapter 4723. In the nursing world everything has to go through the Board of nursing and they decide everything by vote. The board of nursing follows specific guidelines that are all mentioned with in the Nursing Practice Act and it is constantly changing. To continue on into advanced practice nursing you have to aquire your masters degree. It is also illegal to call yourself an RN with out being licensed but the board of nursing. The Nursing practice Act is where you want to look to find out what you have to do to get certain licenses and certifications.

Importance of Reflective Practice in Counselling

Importance of Reflective Practice in Counselling Reflective practice refers to the capability to reflect on our everyday actions and frameworks, as well as concepts on personal experience as part of a process of life-long learning (Schon, 1983). According to this definition, Bolton (2010) termed this as developmental insight, where the emphasis is placed on the learning from our own experience rather than knowledge gained from lectures or tutorials. On a personal note, I think what is significant about reflection during the course of our practice in this subject is that I am not just looking back on events and actions that has happened to us in the past, but also I am conscious of my emotions, experiences, actions, and behavioural reactions, and thus the utilization of these factors to add on to my existing knowledge database. As such, it is to draw out new and perhaps better knowledge, and in the long run, I hope to have a higher level of understanding. These would be achievable via the few factors that would be discussed in the e ssay, such as questioning and reflecting on my own moral and ethical values and comparing it with the Ethics Code in situations where I am required to act extremely. On another note, by reflecting on my personality profile, I check and reflect if my ideals and passion are congruent with the test that measured my psychological preference and my criterions on decision making. By reflecting on these frameworks, I hope to shed some light on my self-awareness and hopefully gain some new insights so that ultimately, I can improve as a better human being. The Ethics Code The Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct, in another light denoted as the Ethics Code, consists of several clause and terms which serves as a guideline as how a psychologist should behave when conflicting scenarios arise, which could possibly happen on a daily basis. The Ethics Code, however, applies only to psychologists and their work-related activities that are part of their nature of job scope. These usually include an array of activities such as counselling, teaching, supervision, social intervention, as well as conducting assessments through the development of assessment instruments. On the other hand, the violation of the Ethics Code itself does not instantly determine whether a psychologist has violated a law and is liable for legal actions in court. When considering a professional behaviour to be conducted, psychologists must not only consider the Ethics Code, but also to put into consideration applicable laws and the relevant board regulations. Psychologi sts must ensure that the ethical standards are met if the Ethics Code establishes a more stringent standard of conduct that is mandatory by law. Greenberg and Shuman (1998) elucidate that although not always the case, during practice, the law would usually be compliant with the Ethics Code. If, at any point in time, the Ethics Code happens to be with conflict with the requirements of law, I feel that psychologists are supposed to remain committed to the Ethics Code and exercise caution to resolve any conflict while not violating any civil laws. Since the work of a psychologist is to develop a reliable and valid construct of information which are backed by research, and are applied with the intention of broadening our vision and knowledge on behaviour, which essentially creates an opportunity to improve conditions of interaction between society and the individual, the Ethics Code is thought to be able to provide a common set of values in which it is envisioned to offer the general pr inciples as well as rules of decision making to ensure that most of the possible situations encountered by a psychologist can be referred to and resolved. However, Corey, Corey and Callanan (1998) argues that while it holds true that the Ethics Code provides guidelines for ethical conducts, it was not intended to be able to provide specific guidance or solutions to each and every situations that could arise. Though I feel that the Ethics Code is very thorough in its descriptions as it covers a wide scope of possible situations, it is still nonetheless not fool-proof as in specific field such as forensic psychology, where there is a fine line between ethical practice and legal laws. This was backed up by Day and White (2008), who mentioned that ethical dilemmas would arise and explain that especially in the field of forensic psychology, it is not uncommon that practitioners are drawn into legal proceedings. Furthermore, it was brought up by Herlihy and Corey (1997) that although it m ay be consistent with the Ethics Code to breach client confidentiality in situations such as when a client is seen as a threat to self or others, there are many occasions when the ethically responsible course of action is less clear. As such, I feel that while the Ethics Code offers a valid guideline on actions to be conducted in various situations, psychologists should still take into considerations which are the correct and just actions to take and certainly to exercise caution in the behaviours to be taken as a wrong decision could damage a person’s life or damage their reputation. Field trip to Institute of Mental Health The grey area of applicability of ethics in mental health settings is an intriguing issue, especially with personal experience, i.e., field trip to the Institute of Mental Health. While many consider the correct course of action to be in a particular way, health practitioners and their set of code and values may present itself differently. I realized that there exist difficult and conflicting cases that may arise when dealing with people with mental disorders. For example, the ethical standard of conduct would be to inform the clients the truth of their conditions, and avoid actions that are likely to harm clients. However, the very act of informing the clients of their conditions is likely to invoke a response, which in return would most likely aggravate their emotional suffering. An array of misconceptions was cleared when the nurses at the Institute of Mental Health provided a clear explanation of the evolution of treatment of patients changed from the past to the present. One exa mple brought up by the nurse was the usage of straitjacket. A straitjacket is a garment which resembles a jacket, but with long sleeves and is generally used to restrain individuals who would possibly harm themselves, damage furniture, or injure surrounding staffs. Before the development of psychiatric medications, doctors did not know how to properly treat mental disorders such as depression and anxiety disorders. A variety of treatments that was deemed to be cruel by current standards were thus attempted by the doctors, and the straitjacket was one of the treatments used. However, as research allows the development of drugs to suppress the effects of the mental disorders, such treatments were stopped and disallowed to be continued to be carried out to the clients. It was very fortunate to hear from the nurse at the institute that the straitjacket is no longer in usage as it was deemed to be inhumane, and I personally think so as well. Since the drugs are now capable of suppressing the effects of mental disorders, the approach of institutionalizing the clients has been reviewed. Townsend (1976) posits that clients who are institutionalized gets convinced that they are mentally ill, and as they integrate themselves with the institutional life, it would reduce the client’s ability to live outside if they were to get deinstitutionalized. Personally, I feel that dealing with individuals who are affected by mental disorders is a tricky issue, as there are many possible ways to approach the situation. One example would be making the decision as to whether an individual should be institutionalized or not. However, as far as I would suggest, I think that it should be advocated that the criterion of institutionalizing the clients be more strict, for example, admitting only the extreme cases of mental disorders where the clients are not able to sustain normal daily life, as the said effect would cause them to rely on the institution and progressively unable to l ive by themselves, even if symptoms of mental disorders were to subside and doctors claim that they can be discharged from the institution. Awareness Program Autism disorder was the focal point of the awareness program for my group, and there are several pointers in which I am ashamed that I personally have committed. Firstly, it has been found that the lack of awareness in autism disorders has been a very concerning issue, especially in Singapore. Sigman, Mundy, Sherman and Ungerer (1986) explains that many people correctly identified some of the key characteristics of autism, including difficulty communicating, difficulty making friends, love of routine, as well as obsessive behaviours. However, some other common characteristics which I realized upon research, was that individuals who are affected by autism require the need for clear and unambiguous instructions and are susceptible to being disturbed by noise and touch; these points were less well known and could develop misconceptions if the other party was not aware; these were the points in which I was unaware of and would negligibly scrutinize them if I had to repeat my words multip le times and yet they would not understand what I would have said. Upon raising my own awareness of the particular disorder and through some reflection, I felt that many individuals with autism act differently when compared to our typical population. Whether at school, at work or in social settings, people with autism are often taken at face value and thus misunderstood. Individuals with autism may not respond when spoken to or may avoid eye contact from the people asking the question. They could possibly behave in unusual manners in which most people do not understand. Some behaviours are so out of the norm that they were misinterpreted as poor discipline. However, people in society tend to arrive at this opinion solely based on just a brief observation, rather than putting in effort to try to look for further signs to comprehend the nature of those actions taken by these individuals affected with autism, and as such, they often suffer discrimination, intolerance and isolation. For many, that means a lifetime of exclusion from everyday society. We, as individuals, should not be doing this, but rather, embrace the difference and aid them into being comfortable with their surroundings so that they can cope with their everyday lives. Just a simple act of observing them would go a long way in creating a society in which such individuals affected by autism disorder can coexist with us. Nonetheless, the completion for the autism awareness program did not come as an easy task, as it was difficult to acquire access to the relevant institutes of interest. For example, my group was not able to gain access and direct first-hand experience of understanding how individuals with autism would behave in schools, where they are required to interact with their surroundings, and more importantly, their peers. However, this setback did not deter my group from obtaining information. Pathlight school, a school for individuals with autism, however, did release some interactive info rmation such as articles and newspaper cut-outs with regards to the related field, and were cooperative in allowing us to gain as much knowledge as possible despite our lack of first-hand experience. As such, the only methods we were able to procure information was through the information released by the management of Pathlight, as well as the many questions that were relayed through e-mails so that we can gain accurate knowledge regarding autism disorders, and shed some light to others who are not as aware of such a disorder. Nonetheless, I feel that even with the information amassed through research; it is still insufficient to properly account for the wide array of characteristics that are exclusive to individuals with autism. Personality Profile Individuals who go through personal development includes going through events that improve our self-awareness, and it allows us to cultivate our talents and potential, and as such, enrich our quality of life which ultimately contributes to the realization of our passion and aspirations. Based on the MBTI, Davies (2008) proposed that it is an assessment tool used to measure psychological preferences in how individuals perceive the world and make decisions, my personality profile is INTJ. Lawrence and Martin (2001) suggested that the MBTI is a reliable and valid instrument to measure our personality. They mentioned that the test is capable of being retested and are good across age and ethnic groups, and they pointed out that the instrument is set out to measure what the test is supposed to test originally. Based on the MBTI assessment by Myers (1998), it is conceived that INTJs see things from a top-down approach, and are capable of relating new information to overall patterns. They al so find themselves readily synthesizing abstract and complicated theoretical matters, and such mind-sets would lead the INTJs them to value knowledge, as well as expect competence of themselves and others. Personally, I would agree to these points as my ideals of work reside in the fact that if all of the group members are competent, we would be able to complete the work beforehand and leave time and room for improvements to be made before any actual submission is due. This is especially important as having gone through numerous group works, my belief is that the more the content is reviewed, the more insightful it gets as we gain mastery and command in the particular context of research. I feel that in aspects of productive work, even if it is a group project, I prefer to work independently and thereafter team members come together to share their points to strengthen the validity and reliability of the entire project; though I favour the notion of working independently, I would not differ from group norms and still be cooperative towards team members. This was supported by Baron and Baron-Tieger (1995), where they elucidated that INTJs prefer to work independently, and have no particular problems in meeting group requirements as teamwork is not an issue. In another aspect, I value accuracy in my work and ensure that most, if not all of my curiosity in the area I am researching in is satisfied, and, because of my values I find myself inclined to field such as science and research, particularly in fields of forensic psychology. Through the test in which also supports my ideals of inclination to abstract matters and challenges, I feel that forensic psychology is a very interesting path in psychology as it presents abstract ideas and challenges in actual situations and it is my passion, as well as satisfaction to be able to decipher the true meaning and rationale behind human behaviour. Another technique in which I find useful in promoting my self-awareness is th e Johari window. Based on what I understand, the concept of reducing the blind spot by being inquisitive about myself would help in promoting self-awareness, because by understanding how others perceive my in another aspect which I was not able to see, I would be able to reflect on my actions and determine whether adjustments to my behaviour are required. Similarly, Joseph (1969) clarifies that in order to become self-aware and develop as a person, we should know more about ourselves and be informed about what others know about us as well. To conclude, reflection and practice can be considered a subset of the many concepts and values we can pick up along the way of gaining insight on skills that are useful and applicable in our field of study. Through various lessons and facilitation, i.e. the Ethics Code, I was able to build up knowledge with regards to identifying, accessing, as well as making evaluations of information and its applicability to actual practice. Furthermore, the development of skills in professional and personal reflection was significant, as seen I feel that I have gained the capability to identify approaches for the development of appropriate outcomes and predict the indicators of success. Furthermore, by reflecting on the various concepts brought up in the essay, as well as through the course of subject, I feel that I have gained some new knowledge about myself; for example through the concept of Johari window, I realized that to be better self-aware, I needed to be inquisitive about myself, and th is is one of the crucial part of what I think helps in my personal development. References Bolton, G. (2010). Reflective Practice, Writing and Professional Development (3rd ed.). California: SAGE Publications. Corey, G., Corey, M., Callanan, G. (1998). Issues and ethics in the helping professions (5th ed.). California, CA: Brooks/Cole. Davies, S. J. (2008). Psychometric testing: what is Myers Briggs? The Foundation Years, 4(2), 81-82. Day, A., White, J. (2008). Ethical practice from the perspective of the forensic psychologist:Commentary on the uses and value of the Australian Psychological Society (2007) Code of Ethics. Australian Psychologist, 43(3), 186-193. Greenberg, S. A., Shuman, D. W. (1997). Irreconcilable conflict between therapeutic and forensic roles. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 28, 50-57. Herlihy, B., Corey, G. (1997). Boundary issues in counselling: Multiple roles and responsiblities. Alexandria: American Counselling Association. Joseph, L. (1969). Of Human Interaction. Palo Alto, CA: National Press. Lawrence, G., Martin, C. R. (2001). Building People, Building Programs: A Practitioners Guide for Introducing the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator to Individuals and Organizations. United States of America: Center for Application of Psychological Type. Myers, I. B. (1998). Introduction to type: A guide to understanding your results on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press. Schà ¶n, D. A. (1983). The Reflective Practitioner, How Professionals Think In Action. United States of America: Basic Books. Sigman, M., Mundy, P., Sherman, T., Ungerer, J. (1986). Social interactions of autistic, mentally retarded and normal children and their caregivers. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, 27(5), 647-656. Tieger, P. D., Barron-Tieger, B. (1995). Do what you are: discover the perfect career for you through the secrets of personality type (2nd ed.). Boston: Brown. Townsend, J. M. (1976). Self-concept and the institutionalization of mental patients: An overview and Critique. Journal of Health and Social Behaviour, 17, 263-271.